Regional differences of Lithuanian culture reflect complicated historical development of our country. Since the 13^th century five ethnographic areas, or regions, have historically formed in the current territory of Lithuania: Aukštaitija (literally Highlands, northeastern and eastern region), Žemaitija (Samogitia, literally Lowlands, north-western region), Dzūkija or Dainava (south-eastern region), Sūduva (Sudovia) or Suvalkija (southern and south-western region) and Lithuania Minor (sea-coast region). These ethnographic regions even today differ by dialects, ways of life and behaviour styles, while until the turn of the last century there were pronounced differences in dress and homestead styles as well as village planning.

Lithuania is justly proud of its unfailing treasures of folklore: colourful clothing, meandering songs, an abundance of tales and stories, sonorous dialects and voluble language. This ethnographic heritage is nourished by ethnographic and folklore companies and barn theatres. Recent years have witnessed the revival of ethnographic crafts and culinary traditions. Folk craft fairs and live craft days are organized during many events and festivals.